Vol. 4, Issue 1, Part E (2020)

Background and Aims: The Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) prevalence in Asian countries is highly variable. We aimed to determine the current H. pylori prevalence, correlate with gastroduodenal diseases and study gastric cancer incidence in western Odisha.

Methods: Out of 3289 patients referred for endoscopy, 2820 eligible patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsy and included in the study; H. pylori was considered positive when either of Rapid Urease Test (RUT) or histopathology showed positive result.

Results: The H. pylori prevalence was 29.2% in overall distribution, 41.1% in gastritis and or duodenitis, 65.1% in gastric ulcer, 83.3% in duodenal ulcer, 19.2% in gastric polyp and 11.1% in gastric cancer. The H. pylori in fection was significantly associated with gastritis and or duodenitis [P<0.001; Odds Ratio (OR) 1.53, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.47-1.59], gastric ulcer (P<0.001; OR 18.62, 95% CI 12.40-27.81), duodenal ulcer (P<0.001; OR 48.89, 95% CI 25.2394.75), gastric polyp (P=0.001; OR 7.66, 95% CI 3.18-18.44) and gastric cancer (P=0.005; OR 3.78, 95% CI 1.82-7.86).

Conclusions: The H. pylori prevalence in Western Odisha was lower than that shown in the previous studies of developing Asian countries, but was significantly high in gastritis and or duodenitis, and peptic ulcers. Similarly, the gastric cancer incidence was also low in Western parts of Odisha and was significantly associated with H. pylori. Further study is needed to establish the association of H. pylori with gastric cancer in Western Odisha.