Vol. 9, Issue 4, Part C (2025)

Introduction: COVID-19 is a disease with many diverse manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic disease to mild symptoms, and more severely, thrombotic events, acute respiratory syndrome, and death. As our understanding for the disease evolved, it has become evident that widespread vascular coagulopathy and infection-triggered inflammatory escalations may be mechanisms that explain adverse outcomes such as respiratory failure and mortality.

Objective: To assess the peripheral arterial occlusive disease prevalence in covid-19 infection.

Methods: This is an observational, retrospective, single-center cohort study of patients with PAD admitted and treated at the Vascular and Surgery Department of Sher-E-Bangla Medical College Hospital, Barisal, Bangladesh June 2021 to 30 May 2023. Sixty (60) patients included in our study. Clinical characteristics, surgical treatments and outcomes of these subjects were compared to those of patients referred to our Institution during the same time. All patients signed the informed consent form for data collection and analysis. Patients’ characteristics, indications for admission, and surgical features were analyzed. The occurrence of 30-day outcomes was assessed, including length of stay, rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE), and procedural and hemodynamic success.

Results: A total of 60 subjects were included. Among covid-19 30(50%) and non-covid-19 30(50%).The number of admissions per 10-day period was significantly lower in compared to negative (6.7±3.5 vs. 10.5±4.6, respectively; P< 0.001). Patients admitted in positive had a significantly lower BMI (kg/m2) (24.4±4.4 vs. 26.3±5.2; P= 0.026) and a significantly higher prevalence of COPD upon admission (26.7% vs. 10.0%; P=0.029). A trend towards lower rates of primary hemodynamic success and higher rates of post- operative overall death was observed in positive compared to negative, but neither reached statistical significance. The rate of post-operative MACE was significantly higher in positive (10.0% vs. 3.3%; P 0.037), while the rate of post-operative MALE and the duration of hospital stay were similar between groups. Show that covid-19 recovery rate 90% and death 10%.

Conclusion: During the first state of emergency for COVID-19 pandemic, less regular medical follow-up and hindered hospital access could have resulted in more acute and advanced clinical presentations of patients with PAD undergoing surgery. Guidelines are needed to provide appropriate care to this vulnerable population and avoid a large-scale disaster.