Vol. 10, Issue 1, Part A (2026)

Renal fibrosis represents the final common pathway for nearly all forms of progressive kidney diseases. This study evaluates the anti-fibrotic potential of Lactococcus lactis D4, a dadih-derived probiotic, while simultaneously comparing the diagnostic accuracy of Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) versus Sirius Red (SR) staining. Using 18 Sprague Dawley rats across three experimental groups (Control, UUO-induced P1, and UUO+probiotic P2), we performed detailed histopathological assessments. Results indicated that L. lactis D4 significantly mitigated fibrotic progression. Furthermore, comparative analysis revealed that while H&E is sufficient for identifying gross morphological changes in high-fibrosis environments, SR offers superior precision in quantifying early-stage or minimal collagen deposition. These findings provide a framework for selecting staining methods in resource-limited versus high-precision research settings.